Psychological: Sport is a physical and mental challenge. The ability to maintain high levels of concentration, yet remain relaxed with the confidence to succeed, is a skill essential to long-term performance in sport. This skill also has the potential to transcend sport and affect our everyday lives. To develop the mental toughness for success at highest levels, training programs are required that address the specific gender and LTAD stage of players.
Ten Year Rule. It takes years of organized practice to become an expert performer. Research shows this is true of developing any skill, such as learning to play an instrument or playing sport. What it does mean is 10, hours of athletic development — playing tag, youth soccer, tennis, cricket, AFL, climbing trees or any other activities children engage in.
Many researchers believe this is just a minimum. The bottom line is that it takes an enormous amount of work to become an elite athlete. This is done through a diverse sports movement and sports skills background. Once this foundation is laid, it takes years of deliberate practice to develop an elite performer at the highest level. This holds true even for many players that play at the highest levels. A significant percent of these guys were never drafted. This means that at 18 or 19 years of age nobody was even willing to take a late-round chance on their potential to make it.
Many sports are not an early specialization sport and our research reflects that. Programs must include a long-term developmental pathway that provides opportunities for our elite players into their early 20s. This is why Advanced Athletes Performance encourages various pathways as it provides the widest range of developmental opportunity over time. Focusing while remaining calm and confident is an essential skill to long-term performance.
The training programs should include key mental components identified by sport psychologists: concentration, confidence, motivation, and handling pressure. As a player progresses through LTAD stages, the mental training aspect will evolve from having fun and respecting opponents, to visualization and self awareness, to goal setting, relaxation, and positive self-talk. To master the mental challenge of sport, these basic skills are then tested in increasingly difficult competitive environments.
Ultimately, the planning, implementation, and refining of mental strategies for high-level competition will have a large impact on podium performances. Consequently, the mental training program is critical at all stages of LTAD, as dealing with success and failure will determine continuation in the game and physical activity in general, dramatically affecting both active lifestyle and podium performance.
Essentially, we need to understand that if we are going to teach a child something, as much as we must know the subject matter, we really must have an understanding of where the child is at. We need to be able to relate to them at the level they are most receptive. Biological Age vs. Chronological Age. Chronological age is a poor guide to segregate adolescents for competitions. Biological age should be considered through our development and identification process.
As an example, one only need look at the number of early-month birth dates that make up our Under and Under National Teams. Late-developing players are excluded and cut, consequently leaving the sport or being segregated to a recreation program that limits their training opportunities.
These late developers may have huge long-term potential but are eliminated from our system. Currently most athletic training and competition programs are based on chronological age.
However, athletes of the same age between ages 10 and 16 can be years apart developmentally. Thus, chronological age is a poor guide to segregate adolescents for competitions. In many of our sports especially contact sports, early-maturing players are favored within our youth structure. The late developer is eliminated when, in fact, he or she may possess better long-term athletic ability.
From the above charts it is clear that potential late-month birth date players have been excluded from the high-performance track. It is highly unlikely that there are fewer players with long-term athletic potential born in the last quarter of the year than in the first quarter. However, after all athletes have gone through their growth spurt, it is often later maturers who have greater potential to become top athletes provided they experience quality coaching throughout that period England Field Hockey, Not all children have the potential to become elite players.
The American Development Model recognizes this by offering two levels of content from the Train to Train stage forward.
The high-performance content is aimed at those players who have been identified as potential elite performers, while the standard content offers a reduced level of commitment more appropriate to the majority of players who will form the basis of club teams of the future.
The split between the levels of content at the early part of the Train to Train stage are relatively small as it is deemed to be such an important stage in developing a broader base of potential elite players. It is important to note that research suggests that there can be numerous players that follow the standard track through the Train to Train and into the Train to Compete stages that will have the potential to become elite performers.
This is especially true if they have a diverse sports movement background through playing multiple sports during the FUNdamemtal and Learn to Train stages. The window for optimal skill training for boys takes place between the ages of 9 and 12 and between the ages of 8 and 11 for girls. The optimal window of trainability for suppleness for both genders occurs between the ages of 6 and Special attention should be paid to flexibility during PHV.
Training, competitive and recovery programs should consider the mental, cognitive, and emotional development of each athlete.
Beyond the physical, technical, and tactical development — including decision-making skills — the mental, cognitive, and emotional development should also be enhanced. A major objective of the ADM is a holistic approach to athlete development. This includes emphasis on ethics, fair play, and character building throughout the various stages and objectives that reflect American values. ADM Kids. Therefore, the second window is another critical time to emphasize speed and agility training in youth programs.
Since COD speed involves lower limb strength and straight running speed, agility training should be incorporated in prepubertal years with an emphasis on coordination and movement patterns. During this time, children undergo rapid developments in brain maturation and neural plasticity 35 ; therefore, developing motor control and basic COD techniques are critical. Once youth reach adolescent years, they should progress to more sport-specific agility movements. Several perceptual variables may influence agility, such as visual scanning, knowledge of situation, pattern recognition, and anticipatory qualities During this stage of development, many of the skills learned previously will need to be reemphasized Therefore, agility should be introduced early in the prepubertal years and continuously progressed and reinforced as the child ages through adolescence.
Monitoring growth rates may help coaches identify adolescent awkwardness and adjust the content of training sessions accordingly. In Developing Agility and Quickness, Second Edition, leading experts from the NSCA offer more than drills, 12 agility and quickness tests, and 15 sport-specific training plans to help athletes gain a step on the competition. In Developing Agility and Quickness, Second Edition , leading experts from the National Strength and Conditioning Association NSCA offer more than drills, 12 agility and quickness tests, and 15 sport-specific training plans to help athletes gain a step on the competition.
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